Tnp1 cDNA ORF clone, Mus musculus(house mouse)

Histone Variant H2A.L.2 Guides Transition Protein-Dependent Protamine Assembly in Male Germ Cells.
Barral S, Morozumi Y, Tanaka H, Montellier E, Govin J, de Dieuleveult M, Charbonnier G, Cout? Y, Puthier D, Buchou T, Boussouar F, Urahama T, Fenaille F, Curtet S, H?ry P, Fernandez-Nunez N, Shiota H, G?rard M, Rousseaux S, Kurumizaka H, Khochbin S
Molecular cell66(1)89-101.e8(2017 Apr)

The Antagonistic Gene Paralogs Upf3a and Upf3b Govern Nonsense-Mediated RNA Decay.
Shum EY, Jones SH, Shao A, Dumdie J, Krause MD, Chan WK, Lou CH, Espinoza JL, Song HW, Phan MH, Ramaiah M, Huang L, McCarrey JR, Peterson KJ, De Rooij DG, Cook-Andersen H, Wilkinson MF
Cell165(2)382-95(2016 Apr)

JMJD1C Exhibits Multiple Functions in Epigenetic Regulation during Spermatogenesis.
Nakajima R, Okano H, Noce T
PloS one11(9)e0163466(2016)

Rfx2 is required for spermatogenesis in the mouse.
Shawlot W, Vazquez-Chantada M, Wallingford JB, Finnell RH
Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000)(2015 Aug)

JHDM2A directly binds to and controls the expression of transition nuclear protein 1 (Tnp1) and protamine 1 (Prm1) genes, the products of which are required for packaging and condensation of sperm chromatin
Title: Histone demethylase JHDM2A is critical for Tnp1 and Prm1 transcription and spermatogenesis.

Epididymal sperm from the Tnp1 null genotypes demonstrated a general decrease in normal morphology, motility, chromatin condensation, and degree of protamine 2 processing with decreasing levels of transition proteins in mutant sperm.
Title: Abnormalities and reduced reproductive potential of sperm from Tnp1- and Tnp2-null double mutant mice.

The elevated levels of the remaining TP in Tnp-mutant mice appeared to be a consequence of the prolonged nucleus retention, rather than increased synthesis.
Title: Nucleoprotein transitions during spermiogenesis in mice with transition nuclear protein Tnp1 and Tnp2 mutations.

TPs are required for normal chromatin condensation, for reducing the number of DNA breaks, and for preventing the formation of secondary defects in spermatozoa, eventual loss of genomic integrity, and sterility
Title: Transition nuclear proteins are required for normal chromatin condensation and functional sperm development.