| Gene Symbol | MC1R |
| Entrez Gene ID | 4157 |
| Full Name | melanocortin 1 receptor |
| Synonyms | CMM5,MSH-R,SHEP2 |
| General protein information |
|
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Organism | Homo sapiens(human) |
| Genome | |
| Summary | This intronless gene encodes the receptor protein for melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH). The encoded protein, a seven pass transmembrane G protein coupled receptor, controls melanogenesis. Two types of melanin exist: red pheomelanin and black eumelanin. Gene mutations that lead to a loss in function are associated with increased pheomelanin production, which leads to lighter skin and hair color. Eumelanin is photoprotective but pheomelanin may contribute to UV-induced skin damage by generating free radicals upon UV radiation. Binding of MSH to its receptor activates the receptor and stimulates eumelanin synthesis. This receptor is a major determining factor in sun sensitivity and is a genetic risk factor for melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Over 30 variant alleles have been identified which correlate with skin and hair color, providing evidence that this gene is an important component in determining normal human pigment variation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]. |
| Disorder MIM: | |
| Disorder Html: | [Skin/hair/eye pigmentation 2, red hair/fair skin], 266300 (3); [Skin/hair/eye pigmentation 2, blond hair/fair skin], 266300 (3); [Analgesia from kappa-opioid receptor agonist, female-specific], 613098 (3); {UV-induced skin damage}, 266300 (3); {Albinism, oculocutaneous, type II, modifier of}, 203200 (3); {Melanoma, cutaneous malignant, 5}, 613099 (3) |
User Manual
